Reply separately to two of your classmates posts (See attached classmates posts, post#1 and post#2). INSTRUCTIONS: As an educational opportunity, respond to two of your peers, and briefly summarize a

Reply separately to two of your classmates posts (See attached classmates posts, post#1 and post#2). INSTRUCTIONS: As an educational opportunity, respond to two of your peers, and briefly summarize a
POST # 1 CHARMAINE Helping Adults Stay HealthyScreening, Gender, Age, And Ethnic, or Age-specificScreening is defined as “the presumptive identification of unrecognized disease in a ‘seemingly’ healthy, asymptomatic population through tests, examinations, and other procedures that can be applied rapidly and easily to a target population” (WHO, 2020. P., 1). Screening is an essential part of helping people and communities stay healthy. It is a necessary aspect of health promotion and preventive medicine. Different screening processes and tools are used depending on the demographics of the population or person being screened. The process helps to identify various health conditions or risks in patients to prevent the progress of the illness and to provide timely treatment to minimize the symptoms and consequences related to particular health conditions. In turn, screening improves the health outcome of the community or population at low costs (Iragorri & Spackman, 2018). Adults face various risks that can hinder their ability to be healthy; hence it is crucial to frequently undergo screening to help them stay healthy, prevent and diagnose illnesses early enough for effective and appropriate intervention, treatment, and management. A screening program must adhere to the fundamental steps and core components of a screening process, which starts with inviting community members of the target population to take part in the screening exercise and it ends with treatment for the appropriately identified individuals (WHO, 2020). Before conducting a community screening programs, the team or organization planning to undertake the activity should discuss and obtain approval from the local leadership to hold the health screening programs. The team should also select and appoint the team that will be involved, including the chairperson for the health event and the additional members who will assist in the planning and logistics. The next step is to identify the specific location such as a church, community hall, or a school, among others. The team should also decide on the particular health areas to focus on, such as diabetes, obesity, optical, dental, different cancers, and dermatology, among others. The next preliminary step is to decide on the rules, requirements, expectations, of the clients and staff, the designated date, and the contact person. The preparations should be done early to allow time for publicity to ensure high turn up. Besides, early preparations will enable the screening team organization to have adequate time to organize and arrange for resources, tools, volunteers, and any other necessary support and partnership required to make the event successful. On the day of screening, the room should be well set to prevent confusion of the documents and screening results. Once the screening exercise is done, the team should diagnose and treat those identified as having the symptoms or the various health conditions which were being screened (WHO, 2020).The screening process for various health conditions in adults should focus on specific characteristics such as gender, age, and ethnicity, or culture, which are significant determinants of health in adults (Iragorri & Spackman, 2018). Age in screening for breast cancer screening:-For example, age is relevant in screening for different types of cancers may require the screening professionals to determine age as part of the screening process due to the health risks that health is attributed to in certain health conditions. For instance, mammogram, which is screening for breast cancer requires the screening professional to factor in age because women above 40 years of age are at a higher risk as compared to younger women (Hernandez & Blazer, 2016). Gender/sex in screening for heart failure screening: – When screening for some diseases, it is critical to give considerations to the sex or gender of the patient or client. For example, women, especially in the United States, are at a higher risk of developing heart failure as compared to men. Ethnicity and culture and coronary heart disease: – Ethnicity and culture also play a significant role in the screening process because some ethnic groups are at a higher or lower risk of getting some health conditions or illnesses as compared to others. For instance, South Asian men have a 50% higher chance of getting coronary heart disease as compared to men in the general population (Hernandez & Blazer, 2016).  ReferencesHernandez, L.M. & Blazer, D. G (2016). Sex/Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Health. Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment: Moving Beyond Nature/Nurture Debate. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US).Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK19934/Iragorri, N., Spackman, E. (2018). Assessing the value of screening tools: reviewing the challenges and opportunities of cost-effectiveness analysis. Public Health Rev 39, 17, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-018-0093-8WHO. (2020). Screening. https://www.who.int/cancer/prevention/diagnosis-screening/screening/en/
Reply separately to two of your classmates posts (See attached classmates posts, post#1 and post#2). INSTRUCTIONS: As an educational opportunity, respond to two of your peers, and briefly summarize a
POST # 2 COURTNEY The purpose of this discussion post is to explore the issues that America phases regarding health promotion and diseases prevention for mental health. Mental illness is the leading cause of disability in our country and over 70% of those who need services worldwide are not receiving any (Wainberg et al., 2017). With today’s knowledge and technology, it is inexcusable to have such a high occurring health concern be so neglected. There are various issues creating this lack of needed health care services to this population. Three issues that are responsible for the lack of mental health care in our country are the stigmas attached to mental disorders/illnesses, lack of resources, and lack of research.  Many individuals who suffer from mental health concerns do not receive the care they need due to stigmatizing. Those with mental illnesses often state they are made to feel rejected or degraded by healthcare workers (Knaak et al., 2017). Often these patients are not given autonomy due to the assumption that their mental health will affect their decision making. They can also be left feeling hopeless as their condition is often a lifelong process without a complete cure. This vulnerable population are also reported to have high rates of nurse burn-out in facilities (Knaak et al., 2017). This contributes to the patient’s behaviors being treated before the patient themselves. Those with personality disorders that consequently create disturbances and difficulty to work with are often ignored more than others as well. Stigma among health care sectors effects the level of funding, quality, and interactions for these patients. Not only does this create a lack of care but it also impacts these individual’s motivation to seek medical help.As mentioned, stigma for this health concern leads to a lack of resources. Lack of resources include health insurance coverage, wait times, availability, and education. The high costs of insurance and the high costs of specialty services (which includes mental health services) is a huge barrier for this population. It was reported that over 40% of American’s with mental illnesses view limited insurance coverage as the lead cause for lack of mental health care services (Wood et al., 2018). Mental health services can be a matter of life or death and as mentioned are often stigmatized and not placed as a priority in the health care system. Long wait times for services and no local services is another barrier to mental health care resources. The other issue with resources is lack of education for patients on services. The younger populations with mental health concerns are especially unaware of resources available to them and some are too worried about being judged to ask.These two barriers to mental health treatment (stigmatizing and lack of resources) consequently leads to lack of research for mental health care. Research on depression and on the brain’s chemistry in general need to be held to a higher priority in our healthcare system. Most people with a mental health concern are prescribed antidepressants as if their conditions are all equal, which they are not. Some people thrive with the use of antidepressants while others feel robotic. The judgement that mental illness is not as detrimental or curable as a physical illness creates less initiative to conduct research to better our care regimens for this population. If ethics cannot create a more just system finances should be taken into consideration to increase research motivation. Productivity due to mental illness is creating a cost of approximately $30 billion dollars in America (Lake, 2017). A greater emphasis on how we can prevent, treat, and screen for mental health illness should be implemented within our healthcare system.In the small community hospital, I work in currently the mental illness population is large. We typically do not see patients for depression or suicide ideation but instead encounter this population because of other non-mental illness health concerns. As we have learned through this course these people can easily slip through the cracks and be discharged unsafely back to cope with their illnesses mentally on their own. Better screening and closer follow-ups are needed to provide adequate care to this population.References Knaak, S., Mantler, E., & Szeto, A. (2017). Mental illness-related stigma in healthcare. Healthcare Management Forum, 30(2), 111-116. doi:10.1177/0840470416679413Lake, J. (2017). Urgent Need for Improved Mental Health Care and a More Collaborative Model of Care. The Permanente Journal. doi:10.7812/tpp/17-024Wainberg, M. L., Scorza, P., Shultz, J. M., Helpman, L., Mootz, J. J., Johnson, K. A., . . . Arbuckle, M. R. (2017). Challenges and Opportunities in Global Mental Health: A Research-to-Practice Perspective. Current Psychiatry Reports, 19(5). doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0780-zWood, P., Burwell, J., & Rawlett, K. (2018). New Study Reveals Lack of Access as Root Cause for Mental Health Crisis in America. Retrieved June 27, 2020, from https://www.thenationalcouncil.org/press-releases/new-study-reveals-lack-of-access-as-root-cause-for-mental-health-crisis-in-america/